Overview
Clinical Meaning
Chronic inflammation occurs when the acute inflammatory response fails to resolve, driven by persistent infection, autoimmune reactions, or prolonged exposure to irritants.
PMHNP
PMHNP
Chronic inflammation occurs when the acute inflammatory response fails to resolve, driven by persistent infection, autoimmune reactions, or prolonged exposure to irritants. Unlike acute inflammation (neutrophil-mediated, resolves in days), chronic inflammation is characterized by simultaneous tissue destruction and repair involving macrophages, lymphocytes, and fibroblasts. Activated M1 macrophages release pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6), reactive oxygen species, and matrix metalloproteinases that cause ongoing tissue damage. Fibroblasts deposit collagen, leading to fibrosis and organ dysfunction. Chronic inflammation underlies atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, cancer, and autoimmune diseases.
Unlock full lesson + practice questions
4 more sections with scenarios, priorities, and review drills.
Next study step
Finish the lesson first, then choose a focused activity to apply what you just reviewed.
Continue studying
Sign in to save progress on this lesson.
Unlock the interactive lesson quiz with a plan that includes this PMHNP pathway. You can still explore topic-filtered questions from the bank hubs below.