Vascular

Advanced vascular assessment integrates history, physical examination, and non-invasive testing to localize disease, quantify severity, and determine intervention timing. Arterial disease assessment relies on pressure measurements (ABI, segmental pressures) and flow studies, while venous disease assessment evaluates valve competence and reflux using duplex ultrasonography. Connect Vascular to bedside cues you will reassess first: vitals trends, work of breathing, perfusion, mentation, and pain or ischemic equivalents when relevant. NCLEX items often reward recognizing when subtle instability outweighs reassurance, then selecting nursing actions that protect airway, circulation, and neurologic status before routine tasks.